Continuous Coverage
Provides continuous coverage for all shipments within the policy period. Businesses can declare each shipment as it occurs, ensuring all goods in transit are protected.
Flexibility
Main advantage is flexibility allowing businesses to adjust declared value of shipments as needed, providing accurate coverage reflecting actual value of transported goods.
Simplified Administration
Managing multiple shipments under single policy reduces administrative burden, streamlining the process and making it easier to manage and track coverage.
Cost Efficiency
Covering multiple shipments under one policy often achieves cost savings compared to individual policies. Declaring shipments as they occur optimizes premium costs.
Comprehensive Protection
Provides broad coverage against various transportation risks including damage, theft, and loss during transit with customizable terms for specific business needs.
Feature | Marine Specific Voyage Insurance | Marine Open Declaration Policy | Marine Annual Sales Turnover Policy |
---|---|---|---|
Coverage Scope | Covers a single, specific voyage or transit | Covers multiple shipments under single policy up to declared value | Covers all shipments during policy period based on annual turnover |
Policy Period | Valid only for duration of specific voyage | Typically valid for one year, but only for declared shipments | Typically valid for one year, covering all shipments within period |
Flexibility | Limited flexibility; covers only declared voyage | Flexible; allows declaration of shipments as they occur | Highly flexible; covers all shipments without individual declarations |
Premium Payment | Single premium payment for specific voyage | Premiums adjusted based on value of shipments declared | Premiums calculated based on estimated annual sales turnover |
Documentation | Requires individual policy issuance for each voyage | Requires declarations for each shipment, usually monthly | Minimal documentation; no need for individual shipment declarations |
Best Suited For | Businesses with infrequent or irregular shipments | Businesses with regular shipments but varying volumes | Businesses with high and consistent shipment volumes throughout year |
Importers and Exporters
Businesses engaged in international trade need protection for goods during overseas transit, covering potential risks across borders.
Manufacturers
Companies producing goods and shipping to distributors or customers, both domestically and internationally, require protection against transportation damage or loss.
Logistics and Freight Forwarders
Companies responsible for organizing and handling goods shipping need insurance to ensure clients' goods are protected throughout the journey.
Retailers
Retailers importing products for sale often need coverage from point of origin to final destination, protecting their inventory and investment.
E-commerce Businesses
Online retailers shipping products globally or domestically benefit from protection against risks associated with transporting goods to customers.
Wholesalers and Distributors
Businesses purchasing goods in bulk and distributing to various locations need insurance to cover transit risks in moving large product quantities.
Project Owners and Contractors
Those involved in large-scale projects need coverage for transportation of materials and equipment, ensuring projects stay on schedule and within budget.
Agreement
Business and insurer agree on coverage limit for specified period, typically one year, establishing the framework for ongoing protection.
Coverage Period
Policy covers all shipments within this period, providing ongoing protection for declared shipments throughout the policy term.
Declaration Process
Each shipment is declared to insurer, including details like value, transport mode, and destination, ensuring accurate coverage.
Flexibility
Declarations are made as shipments occur, allowing policy to adapt to varying shipment volumes and business needs.
Instant Coverage
Declared shipments are immediately covered against risks like damage, theft, or loss, providing immediate protection upon declaration.
Customization
Policy can include specific clauses tailored to business needs, addressing unique risks or requirements for particular shipments.
Premium Calculation
Premiums calculated on total declared value of shipments during policy period, with adjustments based on actual declared values.
Claims Settlement
If loss occurs, insured files claim with necessary documentation, and insurer compensates based on declared value following policy terms.
Clauses | Coverage Type | Jurisdiction | Ideal For | Typical Perils Covered |
---|---|---|---|---|
ICC-A | All Risks | International Shipments | High-value goods requiring broad protection | All perils except those specifically excluded |
ICC-B | Named Perils | International Shipments | Goods exposed to moderate risks | Fire, explosion, theft, earthquake, etc. |
ICC-C | Basic Named Perils | International Shipments | Basic goods with minimal risk | Fire, explosion, vessel sinking, collision, etc. |
ITC-A | All Risks | Inland Transit | High-value goods during inland transit | All perils except those specifically excluded |
ITC-B | Named Perils | Inland Transit | Goods exposed to moderate risks during inland transit | Fire, explosion, theft, earthquake, etc. |
ITC-C | Basic Named Perils | Inland Transit | Basic goods with minimal risks during inland transit | Fire, explosion, overturning, collision, etc. |
Railway Transport
Legal Section: Section 106 (Indian Railways Act)
Notice Period: Within 6 months from booking date. Non-delivery claims within 90 days from dispatch
Addressing: General Manager or Chief Commercial Superintendent via Registered Post A/D
Road Transport
Legal Section: Section 16 (Carriage by Road Act 2007)
Notice Period: Within 180 days from booking. Overseas claims within 7 days if damage not apparent
Addressing: Same person giving notice must file suit to avoid technical defenses
Sea Transport
Legal Section: Hague/Hague Visby Rules, Rotterdam Rules
Notice Period: Immediately upon discovery. Latent damage within 3 days of removal from port
Addressing: Steamer Survey/Joint Survey should be arranged immediately
Multi-modal Transport
Legal Section: Multi-modal Transportation of Goods Act
Notice Period: At time of handing over goods. If not apparent, within 6 days after handover
Addressing: Proof of service of notice must be furnished
Air (International) Transport
Legal Section: Rule 27(2), Chapter 3 (Carriage of Air Act 1972)
Notice Period: Within 7 days for baggage, 14 days for cargo from receipt date
Addressing: No notice required for non-delivery if there's admission of loss
Air (Domestic) Transport
Legal Section: Notification dated 30 March, 1973 (Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation)
Notice Period: Same as international carriage—within 7 days for baggage, 14 days for cargo
Addressing: From date of receipt following same procedures as international carriage
Incoterm | Seller's Responsibility | Buyer's Responsibility | Insurable Interest (Seller) | Insurable Interest (Buyer) |
---|---|---|---|---|
EXW (Ex Works) | Minimal | Full Responsibility | None | From Pickup |
FCA (Free Carrier) | Delivery to Carrier | Transport after Delivery to Carrier | Until Delivery to Carrier | After Delivery to Carrier |
CPT (Carriage Paid To) | Transport to Destination | Risk After Delivery to Carrier | Until Delivery to Carrier | After Delivery to Carrier |
CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) | Transport and Insurance | Risk After Delivery to Carrier | Until Delivery to Carrier | After Delivery to Carrier |
DAP (Delivered at Place) | Delivery to Place | Risk After Delivery at Place | Until Delivery at Place | After Delivery at Place |
DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded) | Delivery and Unloading | Risk After Unloading | Until Unloading | After Unloading |
Ownership and Payment
Incoterms do not cover ownership transfer or payment terms/methods.
Contract of Sale
Incoterms should be expressly incorporated into the Contract of Sale.
Appropriate Term
Choose the term suited to the type of goods and transport (e.g., airfreight).
Transport Responsibility
Clarify who arranges transportation—domestic or international.
Specificity
Specify the location (Point/Port/Place) clearly.
Compatibility
Ensure the term fits with the payment system (e.g., LC) and is suitable for containerized goods.
Continuous Coverage
Ongoing protection for all shipments within the policy period with flexible declaration process as shipments occur.Competitive Pricing
Cost-effective solution for businesses with regular shipments, offering better rates than individual voyage policies.Comprehensive Protection
Broad coverage against various transportation risks with customizable terms to address specific business needs.Ready to Protect Your Business?
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